Short intestine syndrome ( SBS ) affects how well the small intestine absorbs nutrients . Surgery , medications , and nutritionary keep are all part of a comprehensive treatment design for this condition .
SBS takes place when a large circumstances of the small intestine is missing or not function , either as a result of surgery or from parturition .
Because the small gut is creditworthy for nourishing absorption , SBS can cause a change of symptom related to alimental deficiencies and impaired digestion , including gas , bloating , diarrhea , malnutrition , and drying up , among others .
The goal of treatment in SBS is to ensure the consistency gets adequate indispensable nutrients while prevent complications from — and reliance on — parenteral nutriment . Parenteral nutrition is a method acting of offer nutrient - dull liquid through a extra endovenous ( IV ) tube know as a cardinal venous catheter ( CVC ) , which doctors insert into the someone ’s chest .
doctor determine the best handling alternative for SBS by considering the extent of the small bowel remaining , the parts that are not longer present or functional , and case-by-case normal of nutrient absorption as the intestine accommodate .
This article reviews the received discourse for short bowel syndrome and their benefits .
Nutritional support
Theprimary treatmentfor SBS is nutritionary living . nourishing - dense liquids and dietary modifications compensate for changes in digestion and nutritive deficiency . Nutritional support for SBS varies depending on the stage and severity of SBS .
In the acute stage of SBS , roll in the hay as the first phase , most peopleexperience enteric failure , which is when the small intestine ca n’t absorb enough food to support the body ’s functions .
During this stage , a person receive parenteral alimentation through a CVC . Doctors also expend enteric nutrition , which provide limpid food through a feeding tube into the belly or little bowel . Doctors advance rust and drink small amounts when possible to help stimulate enteric absorption and encourage intestinal version .
As the diminished intestine adapts over time , the penury for parenteral nutrition may fall . enteric aliment may still be necessary , in improver to dietary modifications that prioritize well digestible intellectual nourishment and small , frequent meals .
The final stage of SBS , known as the upkeep stage , pass off when the intestines have stopped adapt and alimental absorption is no longer come on . While many people in the maintenance stage of SBS are able to manage the condition using dietary adjustments and unwritten rehydration solutions , not everyone regains function of the small intestine .
If the small gut does not regain enough functionality , a personmay requirelifelong parenteral or enteral victuals .
Medications
Medications for SBS help better nourishing preoccupation and reduce the severity of symptom such as diarrhea and malnutrition .
Doctorsmay prescribe :
Sometimes , the minor gut of a person with severe SBS may not be able to absorb medications doctors prescribe for treatment . When this happen , the somebody may need to receive higher doses to overcompensate for the want of preoccupancy .
physician might also view alternate bringing routes for a medicine , such as transdermal patches , which deliver medication through the skin , or nasal spray , which deliver medicinal drug through the nozzle .
Surgery
operating room is an important part of SBS treatment . surgical procedure related to SBS include modest procedures , such as eating tube and CVC insertion or maintenance , as well as gut surgeries to help improve the role of the remain gut .
Bowel surgery for the treatment of SBScan let in :
Other treatments
Diet , medication , and surgery are the primary handling for SBS . However , doctors may sometimes also recommend additional therapy , such as pancreatic enzyme permutation therapy , antibiotic therapy , and secondary surgery .
Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy involves using an oral supplement to provide the body with enzymes produced by the pancreas , let in amylase , lipase , and peptidase . Pancreatic enzyme help in the digestive appendage . However , in SBS , modification to the small intestinecan reducethe time pancreatic enzymes have to combine with food for thought .
physician sometimesuseantibiotic therapy in SBS to manage small enteral bacterial growth ( SIBO ) and infections concern to CVC or feeding tube insertion . They may supplement antibiotic therapy with probiotic use to help restore the intestine microbiome after treatment .
Some people with SBS may need to undergo secondary surgical operation to address complication , such as enteral failure - consort liver disease ( IFALD ) , a experimental condition consort with prospicient - terminus parenteral support . IFALD in SBScan leadto liver failure and the pauperization for a liver transplanting .
Emerging treatments
Research into innovative therapy for SBS is ongoing . FDA commendation of the GLP-2 medication teduglutide ( Gattex ) has paved the way for additional GLP-2 drugs , such as :
alternate therapy are also under investigating . For example , arodent discipline from 2023found faecal microbiota transplantation may improve alimental assimilation in SBS . Olderresearch from 2018reviewed novel types of tissue applied science that may one day replace traditional enteric transplantation with stem cell - based tissue matrix .
Summary
Small bowel syndrome ( SBS ) is a condition characterise by malabsorption . SBS happens when a significant serving of the small intestine is missing or nonfunctional and the body becomes ineffective to absorb enough nutrient .
Treatment for SBS depends on a person ’s phase of recovery and the hardship of the condition . Medications , surgery , and dietetic modifications make up the core components of a comprehensive intervention plan .
